ABSTRACT
Background: Trauma is a major public health issue and head injury is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Head injury is the injury on head with alteration in the level of consciousness with or without vomiting. Alcohol is the major contributing factor causing majority of cases. Methods: This study analyzes the increasing occurrence of head injury in the developing rural area in India. Because of increasing trend of head injury, a total of 100 cases were studied from a period of March 2012 to July 2015. Results: Most of the cases were due to road traffic accident, assault and fall from height with maximum cases in young age group. In our study CT scan was decisive in 43% cases which were operated. The role of paramedical staff taking care at the site of accident and on the way up to hospital causing reduction in the death and disability. For the improvement of outcome there should be easily recognition and prevention of secondary insults and for this CT scan has a decisive and important role. Conclusions: By studying the common causes of head injury, identifying the preventable factors causing mortality and morbidity and explaining the important role of pre hospital management, we would like to conclude how we can prevent the morbidity and mortality and improving the overall outcome of head injury from road traffic accident by early treatment in the tertiary hospital.
ABSTRACT
Urinoma is a collection of extravasated urine either in renal subcapsular or perirenal space. It is caused by obstructive and non-obstructive pathologies. It is rare; with trauma as most common cause in adults and ureteral stones as least common. It mimics symptoms of ureteral stone. CT KUB is best modality to detect it. Here we present a case of ureteral calculi leading to urinomas formation in a 42 years old male patient present with retention of urine and pain in left flank region with nausea, vomiting and fever.
ABSTRACT
Background: The most common human infection of upper gastrointestinal region is Helicobacter pylori. Most individuals remain asymptomatic due to misuse of antibiotic and proton pump inhibitors. Methods: 50 patients admitted or on outpatient department basis were selected based on the upper gastrointestinal symptoms and whether they were 18 years and above. Results: The Rapid Urease Test (RUT) had 84% sensitivity and 91% specificity, with an overall accuracy of 88%. The results of the Urea breath Test (UBT) showed 88% sensitivity and 83% specificity, and an overall accuracy of 85%. Conclusions: The invasive procedure OGD scopy need not be done in patients for the sole purpose of diagnosing HP infection as the diagnostic efficacies of RUT & UBT tests are similar.
ABSTRACT
Laser ablation of fistula tract is a safe, effective, sphincter-preserving therapy that can be successfully performed by surgeons. Various studies and papers have been published advocating the use of lasers. However clinical experience and technical expertise is necessary for the use of lasers. Here we present a case of a 45 year old male presenting with acute abdomen following laser ablation of fistula in ano. The patients X-Ray abdomen showed free gas under the diaphragm and was explored. The exploration revealed a pyoperitoneum and a sigmoid perforation for which closure of perforation and a diverting colostomy was done. The patient was further operated for fistula excision and Seton suturing and is planned for colostomy closure.